Common Types of Scalp Infections That Can Lead to Hair Loss

• 15 August 2024
• Dr. Ossman Ashraf

Last updated on August 8, 2024

Hair loss is a common concern for many people, and while genetics often play a major role, scalp infections can also be a contributing factor. These infections can inflame the scalp and damage hair follicles, leading to temporary or even permanent hair loss. Here, our hair loss clinic explores some of the most common types of scalp infections that can cause hair loss, along with their symptoms, causes, and treatment options. Remember, you can always book a hair and scalp analysis with our team of hair loss specialists in Sydney or Melbourne to help identify any underlying causes of hair loss or hair thinning.

1. Folliculitis

Folliculitis is the inflammation of one or more hair follicles. It can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or even mites. The most common symptom of folliculitis is small, red, itchy bumps around the hair follicles. These bumps may also be white-headed or pus-filled.
There are two main types of folliculitis that can lead to hair loss:

• Staphylococcal folliculitis

  This is the most common type, caused by the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, which naturally lives on the skin. Shaving the scalp too harshly or excessive sweating can increase your risk of developing this type of folliculitis.

• Fungal folliculitis

  This type is less common and caused by a fungus called Malassezia. It can cause itchy, scaly patches on the scalp, along with red bumps around hair follicles.

Treatment for folliculitis typically involves topical antibiotics or antifungal medications, depending on the cause. In severe cases, oral antibiotics may be necessary.

2. Tinea Capitis (Ringworm)

Ringworm of the scalp, also known as tinea capitis, is a fungal infection that can cause hair loss. It is highly contagious and spreads easily through direct contact with an infected person or animal, or by sharing contaminated objects like hats or combs.

Symptoms of ringworm include:

• Scaling skin and itchy scalp
• Circular or patchy hair loss
• Short, broken hairs
• Scalp inflammation and red, inflamed bumps around hair follicles

Treatment for ringworm typically involves antifungal medications taken orally for several weeks. Topical antifungal shampoos may also be used. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent scarring and permanent hair loss.

3. Seborrheic Dermatitis (Seborrheic Eczema)

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the scalp. It can also affect other oily areas of the body, such as the eyebrows, ears, and chest.

While not strictly an infection, seborrheic dermatitis can contribute to hair loss due to inflammation and irritation of the scalp. Symptoms include:

• Red, scaly patches on the scalp
• Sensitive scalp
• Greasy, flaky scalp
• Itchy scalp
• Dandruff

Treatment for seborrheic dermatitis typically involves over-the-counter medicated shampoos containing ingredients like ketoconazole, coal tar, or salicylic acid. In more severe cases, prescription medications may be necessary.

4. Psoriasis

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that causes thick, red, scaly patches on the skin. It can affect any part of the body, including the scalp. Scalp psoriasis can lead to hair loss, especially if the condition is severe or left untreated.

Symptoms of scalp psoriasis include:

• Red, scaly patches on the scalp
• Thick, silvery scales
• Severe itching and burning
• Hair loss

There is no cure for psoriasis, but there are effective treatments available to manage the symptoms and prevent flare-ups. Treatment options include topical corticosteroids, coal tar shampoos, light therapy, and oral medications.

5. Impetigo

Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that can affect the scalp. It is most common in young children but can occur at any age.
Symptoms of impetigo include:

• Red, itchy sores on the scalp that ooze pus and crust over
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Fever (in some cases)

Impetigo is treated with topical or oral antibiotics, depending on the severity of the infection.

If you suspect a scalp infection is causing your bald spots, it’s important to see a healthcare professional for treatment. If the hair loss is permanent, speak to Hair Doctors for hair regrowth treatment options.

Preventing Scalp Infections

The following tips can help prevent scalp infections:

• Maintain good scalp hygiene by washing your hair regularly with a gentle shampoo.
• Avoid harsh chemicals and excessive styling products that can irritate a sensitive scalp.
• Don’t share personal items like hats, combs, and towels.
• Manage stress, as it can worsen some scalp conditions.
• Eat a healthy diet to ensure your body has the nutrients it needs for healthy hair and scalp.

Early diagnosis and treatment of scalp infections are crucial to prevent permanent hair loss. If you experience any symptoms of a scalp infection, visit our clinics for a scalp and hair health analysis or consult a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

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FAQs

Will my hair grow back after a scalp infection?

In most cases, hair loss caused by a scalp infection is temporary. Once the infection is treated, the hair follicles should heal and new hair growth will resume. However, if the infection is severe or left untreated for a prolonged period, it can lead to permanent scarring of the scalp and damage to the hair follicles, which may prevent hair from growing back in those areas. In these cases, hair transplantation is recommended.

Can I treat a scalp infection at home?

For mild cases of folliculitis or seborrheic dermatitis, over-the-counter medicated shampoos and maintaining good scalp hygiene may be sufficient. However, for fungal infections like ringworm, bacterial infections like impetigo, or more severe cases of other conditions, consulting a doctor for a proper diagnosis and prescription medication is crucial. Speak to your healthcare provider or visit our hair loss clinic in Melbourne or Sydney for a scalp and hair evaluation.

How long does it take for hair to grow back after a scalp infection?

The time it takes for hair to grow back after a scalp infection depends on the severity of the infection, the type of hair loss, and your individual hair growth cycle. Typically, it can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months for hair to regrow completely. In some cases, hair loss medication or treatments like scalp mesotherapy and Platelet Rich Fibrin therapy can be effective for regrowing thinning hair.

Are there any long-term effects of scalp infections?

While most scalp infections are treatable and don’t cause long-term problems, some complications can occur if left untreated. These include permanent scarring of the scalp, which may prevent hair growth, and in rare cases, spreading of the infection to other parts of the body. If you are concerned about your thinning hair or patchy hair loss, book a hair loss evaluation today.

When should I see a doctor for a scalp infection?

If you experience any symptoms of a scalp infection or scalp yeast infection, such as redness, itching, scaling, pus-filled bumps, or thinning hair, it’s best to consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. Early intervention is crucial to prevent complications and promote faster healing. A doctor can also rule out other underlying conditions that may be causing your hair loss.